In this lesson we want to learn How to Convert Integer to Roman in Python ?
What is Integer ?
An integer is whole number that can be positive, negative or zero. Integers are fundamental data type in computer programming and are used to represent values that are whole and without fractional parts.
also in many programming languages including Python, integers are stored using fixed number of bits. number of bits is used to store an integer determines the maximum size of the integer that can be stored in that representation. for example in a 32-bit representation, the largest positive integer that can be stored is 2^31 – 1, and the largest negative integer is -2^31.
Integers are used in many different contexts in computer programming, including in mathematical and scientific computations, to represent indices in arrays, to store counts or frequencies of occurrences, and to represent timestamps, among other uses.
What is Roman ?
The Roman numeral system is numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and was widely used throughout the Roman Empire. It is still used today in different contexts, including in names of monarchs, in names of popes, in religious contexts and in naming of films, books and other works.
In Roman numeral system there are seven symbols that represent the values 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000. These symbols are I, V, X, L, C, D, and M. Roman numerals are written using combinations of these symbols to represent values. for example the Roman numeral for 4 is IV, the Roman numeral for 9 is IX, and the Roman numeral for 40 is XL.
The Roman numeral system is unique in that there is no symbol for the value 0, and there is no equivalent of the decimal point. this makes Roman numerals less suited for mathematical computations compared to other numeral systems such as decimal system. However the simplicity and elegance of Roman numerals has ensured their continued usage in various contexts even today.
How to Convert Integer to Roman in Python ?
In Python, you can convert an integer to a Roman numeral by creating function that implements the rules for converting decimal numbers to Roman numerals. this is an example:
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def int_to_roman(num): values = [ 1000, 900, 500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1 ] symbols = [ "M", "CM", "D", "CD", "C", "XC", "L", "XL", "X", "IX", "V", "IV", "I" ] result = "" for value, symbol in zip(values, symbols): while num >= value: result += symbol num -= value return result print(int_to_roman(2023)) |
Output:
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1 |
MMXXIII |
In this example the int_to_roman function takes an integer as an input and returns its Roman numeral representation as string. the values and symbols lists are used to define mapping between decimal values and Roman numeral symbols. the function iterates over values and symbols lists using the zip function and adds the corresponding symbol to the result string for each value that is less than or equal to the input integer. The loop continues until the input integer is reduced to 0.