How to Create 3D Graphics in PyQt5

In this PyQt5 article we want to learn How to Create 3D Graphics in PyQt5, PyQt5 is powerful library for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in Python. It provides different tools and widgets for building desktop applications, but it can also be used for creating 3D graphics. in this article we want to explore how to create 3D graphics with PyQt5.

How to Create 3D Graphics in PyQt5

First of all we need to install PyQt5 library

pip install PyQt5

1	pip install PyQt5

Also we need to Pyopengl library. PyOpenGL is Python wrapper for the OpenGL graphics API. it allows Python developers to create high performance 3D graphics applications using OpenGL functions. PyOpenGL can be installed using pip:

pip install PyOpenGL

1	pip install PyOpenGL

This is the complete code for this article

import sys
import os
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtOpenGL import *
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GLUT import *
from OpenGL.GLU import *

os.environ['QT_OPENGL'] = 'desktop'

class MyOpenGLWidget(QGLWidget):
    def initializeGL(self):
        glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)

        glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
        glEnable(GL_LIGHTING)
        glEnable(GL_LIGHT0)

        glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
        glLoadIdentity()
        gluPerspective(45.0, self.width()/self.height(), 0.1, 100.0)

        glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
        glLoadIdentity()
        gluLookAt(0.0, 0.0, 5.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

    def paintGL(self):
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)

        glPushMatrix()
        glRotatef(30, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
        glRotatef(30, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

        vertices = (
            ( 1, -1, -1),
            ( 1,  1, -1),
            (-1,  1, -1),
            (-1, -1, -1),
            ( 1, -1,  1),
            ( 1,  1,  1),
            (-1, -1,  1),
            (-1,  1,  1)
        )

        edges = (
            (0,1),
            (0,3),
            (0,4),
            (2,1),
            (2,3),
            (2,7),
            (6,3),
            (6,4),
            (6,7),
            (5,1),
            (5,4),
            (5,7)
        )

        glBegin(GL_LINES)
        for edge in edges:
            for vertex in edge:
                glVertex3fv(vertices[vertex])
        glEnd()

        glPopMatrix()

        error = glGetError()
        if error != GL_NO_ERROR:
            print('OpenGL Error:', error)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    # create a QGLFormat with the required OpenGL version
    format = QGLFormat()
    format.setVersion(3, 3)
    format.setProfile(QGLFormat.CoreProfile)
    format.setDepthBufferSize(24)
    QGLFormat.setDefaultFormat(format)

    widget = MyOpenGLWidget()
    widget.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

import sys

import os

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

from PyQt5.QtGui import *

from PyQt5.QtCore import *

from PyQt5.QtOpenGL import *

from OpenGL.GL import *

from OpenGL.GLUT import *

from OpenGL.GLU import *

os.environ['QT_OPENGL'] = 'desktop'

class MyOpenGLWidget(QGLWidget):

def initializeGL(self):

glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)

glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)

glEnable(GL_LIGHTING)

glEnable(GL_LIGHT0)

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)

glLoadIdentity()

gluPerspective(45.0, self.width()/self.height(), 0.1, 100.0)

glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)

glLoadIdentity()

gluLookAt(0.0, 0.0, 5.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

def paintGL(self):

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)

glPushMatrix()

glRotatef(30, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)

glRotatef(30, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

vertices = (

( 1, -1, -1),

( 1, 1, -1),

(-1, 1, -1),

(-1, -1, -1),

( 1, -1, 1),

( 1, 1, 1),

(-1, -1, 1),

(-1, 1, 1)

)

edges = (

(0,1),

(0,3),

(0,4),

(2,1),

(2,3),

(2,7),

(6,3),

(6,4),

(6,7),

(5,1),

(5,4),

(5,7)

)

glBegin(GL_LINES)

for edge in edges:

for vertex in edge:

glVertex3fv(vertices[vertex])

glEnd()

glPopMatrix()

error = glGetError()

if error != GL_NO_ERROR:

print('OpenGL Error:', error)

if __name__ == '__main__':

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

# create a QGLFormat with the required OpenGL version

format = QGLFormat()

format.setVersion(3, 3)

format.setProfile(QGLFormat.CoreProfile)

format.setDepthBufferSize(24)

QGLFormat.setDefaultFormat(format)

widget = MyOpenGLWidget()

widget.show()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

In this code we have added the necessary OpenGL code to create a cube using glBegin and glEnd. glPushMatrix and glPopMatrix calls are used to preserve the current matrix state so that only the cube is rotated and not the entire scene. glRotatef calls are used to rotate the cube around the x and y axes. gluPerspective and gluLookAt calls are used to set up the camera projection and view matrices. Finally, I added glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST), glEnable(GL_LIGHTING), and glEnable(GL_LIGHT0) to enable depth testing, lighting, and the first light source.

Run the complete code and this will be the result